The Sikhs – Quintin Craufurd (1817)

The following excerpts are from Quintin Craufurd’s book called ‘Researches concerning the law, theology, learning, commerce, etc. of ancient and modern India.’ published in 1817. In one of the chapters he … Continue Reading →

Chatr Chakr Varti – Chardikala Jatha

ਚਤ੍ਰ ਚਕ੍ਰ ਵਰਤੀ ਚਤ੍ਰ ਚਕ੍ਰ ਭੁਗਤੇ ॥ Salutation to Thee O Pervader and Enjoyer in all the four directions Lord! ਸੁਯੰਭਵ ਸੁਭੰ ਸਰਬਦਾ ਸਰਬ ਜੁਗਤੇ ॥ Salutation to Thee O … Continue Reading →

Hikayataan

There are eleven hidayatan or pieces of advice included in the Dasam Granth. These are written in Persian and in the style of the Charitropakhyan and Upakhyan. Beginning with an … Continue Reading →

Zafarnama

This is a historic document sent by guru Gobind Singh Ji to Aurangzeb. It was written in the year 1706 AD while Guru Ji was at village Kangad in Malwa … Continue Reading →